国际刑法的哲学基础论坛

本在线专题文库收录了《国际刑法哲学基础》系列的三部论文选集章节，以及两册TOAEP独立著作——宋天英所著《法律构建的人类共同体：世界主义战争罪法中对人性的考验》（专著）与冈纳·M·埃克洛夫-斯莱达尔所著《国际刑法中的规范实效与正当性论证》（文集），两书均于2025年出版。理论研究方法能够构建建设性的共同基础，使来自不同且日益两极分化背景的行为体，超越民族国家政府间的对立与争议，凝聚于进一步加强和发展国际刑法的共同目标。

三部曲首卷《国际刑法的哲学基础：连接思想家》（2018，由莫滕·伯格斯莫与埃米利亚诺·J·布伊斯共同编纂）—邀请我们重读被广泛认可的政治理论和其他方面的思想家，探索他们的主要思想并将其与当前国际刑法联系起来。这样的交流不仅是书写思想史，更将拓宽话语体系并为一个新兴的国际刑法哲学的分支学科提供新视角。

第二卷—《国际刑法的哲学基础：基础性概念》 （2019，由莫滕·伯格斯莫与埃米利亚诺·J·布伊斯共同编纂）—讨论了一些国际刑法学科中被认为起到奠基作用的概念。第一卷和第二卷的编辑希望在未来的版本中分别讨论更多的思想家和概念，以扩充这两卷的内容。

第三卷—《国际刑法的哲学基础：受法律保护的利益》（2022，由莫滕·伯格斯莫、埃米利亚诺·J·布伊斯、宋天英共同编纂）对前两卷的交叉学科和概念的分析进行补充，讨论了国际刑法保护的根本利益或者价值。第三卷探讨了国际刑法语境下“社会利益”（community interest）、“被法律保护的利益”(legally-protected interest)、“法益”(legal good)等概念。作者们评估了当前国际刑法保护的主要利益(包括“人类共同体”、“国际和平与安全”)及其特点和相互间的关系。部分文章还讨论了国际刑法应当进一步认可的其它利益，包括“和解”（reconciliation）、“相互支持”(solidarity)、“人类团结”（unity of humankind）等。日益突出的环境和安全威胁促使我们考虑通过国际刑法给予“人类团结”这一价值更突出的认可。

这样的交流对话不应当限于将生态灭绝和其他行为纳入核心国际罪行这一具体议题的讨论，也不应当由少数曾经参与制定《国际刑事法院规约》属事管辖相关条款的人主导。我们需要一个广泛参与的、包容多样性的对话。讨论不仅限于可以单独构成一个新的国际罪行核心内容的利益。我们应当保证来自非西方国家的人在对话中扮演重要的角色。

本专题文库收录的文献及前三卷项目会议报告视频已通过下方链接发布。本文库为动态资源库，诚邀学界持续投稿。经采纳的文稿将优先发表于TOAEP政策简报系列（适用于4200-4400词的短篇论述）或学术论文系列（此类文稿后续可收录于TOAEP出版物系列），随后增补至在线文库。

第一版三卷文集的作者由公开征文及新德里会议（2017年8约25-26日）选拔。新德里会议的主办方是国际法研究与政策中心（CILRAP）、德里大学法学校园印度法研究所、印度国际法学会、德里国立法律大学、金达国际大学、亚非法律协商组织、北京大学国际法研究所、早稻田大学法学院、诺丁汉大学格劳修斯国际法律研究中心、国际和平与安全法研究所。挪威外交部和纽伦堡原则国际学院为本项目提供资金支持。

Philosophical Foundations of International Criminal Law: Correlating Thinkers
Edited by Morten Bergsmo and Emiliano J. Buis

• Table of Contents
• 'Foreword'
  By Judge Madan B. Lokur
  AV: Opening Remarks at Conference on Philosophical Foundations of International Criminal Law
• 'Foreword'
  By Gregory S. Gordon
• 'Setting a Discourse Space: Correlational Analysis, Foundational Concepts, and Legally Protected Interests in International Criminal Law'
  By Morten Bergsmo, Emiliano J. Buis and Nora Helene Bergsmo
  AV: On Legally Protected Interests in International Criminal Law
• 'Restraint over Revenge: Emotional Bias, Reformative Punishment, and Plato’s Contribution to Modern International Criminal Law'
  By Emiliano J. Buis
  AV: The Platonic Theory of Punishment and its Contribution to the Philosophical Development of International Criminal Law
• 'Cicero: Bellum Iustum and the Enemy Criminal Law'
  By Pedro López Barja de Quiroga
  AV: The Ciceronian Foundations of Modern ‘Feindstrafrecht’
• 'Roman Jurists and the Idea of International Criminal Responsibility: Ulpian and the Cosmopolis'
  By Kaius Tuori
  AV: Roman Jurists and the Idea of International Criminal Responsibility: Ulpian and the ‘Cosmopolis’
• 'Inter Homines Esse: The Foundations of International Criminal Law and the Writings of Ambrose, Augustine, Aquinas, Vitoria and Suárez'
  By Hanne Sophie Greve
  AV: The Foundations of International Criminal Law and the Writings of Ambrose, Augustine, Aquinas, Vitoria and Suarez
• 'Buddhist Philosophy and International Criminal Law: Towards a Buddhist Approach to Reckoning with Mass Atrocity'
  By Tallyn Gray
• 'Hugo Grotius on War, Punishment, and the Difference Sovereignty Makes'
  By Pablo Kalmanovitz
  AV: Hugo Grotius on Punishment, War, and the Difference Sovereignty Makes
• 'Hobbes et la Cour pénale internationale : la fiction du contrat social global'
  By Juan Paulo Branco Lopez
  AV: Hobbes and the International Criminal Court: Towards a Global Social Contract?
• 'An Analysis of Lockean Philosophy in the Historical and Modern Context of the Development of, and the Jurisdictional Restraints Imposed by, the ICC Statute'
  By Daniel N. Clay
  AV: An Analysis of Lockean Philosophy in the Historical and Modern Contexts of the Development of and the Jurisdictional Restraints Imposed by the Statute of the International Criminal Court
• '“The friend of all nations”: Punishment and Universal Jurisdiction in Emer de Vattel’s Law of Nations'
  By Elisabetta Fiocchi Malaspina
  AV: Punishment and Universal Jurisdiction in Emer de Vattel’s Law of Nations
• 'The Statute of the International Criminal Court as a Kantian Constitution'
  By Alexander Heinze
  AV: Kant, Cosmopolitan Law and the Rome Statute as a Constitution
• 'Jeremy Bentham’s Legacy: A Vision of an International Law for the Greatest Happiness of All Nations'
  By Gunnar M. Ekeløve-Slydal
  AV: Jeremy Bentham’s Legacy: A Vision of an International Law for the Greatest Happiness of All Nations
• 'Reconciliation v. Retribution, and Co-operation v. Substitution: Hegel’s Suggestions for a Philosophy of International Criminal Law'
  By Sergio Dellavalle
• 'Understanding the International Ius Puniendi under Durkheim’s Collective Conscience: An Anachronism or a Viable Path?'
  By Carlos Augusto Canedo Gonçalves da Silva and Aléxia Alvim Machado Faria
• 'Gandhism and International Criminal Law'
  By Abraham Joseph
  AV: Gandhism and International Criminal Law
• 'Hans Kelsen and the Move to Compulsory Criminal Jurisdiction in International Law'
  By Jochen von Bernstorff
• 'Mens Rea, Intentionality and Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Psychology'
  By Jaroslav Větrovský
  AV: Mens Rea, Behaviourism, and Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Psychology
• 'Genocide: The Choppy Journey to Codification'
  By Mark A. Drumbl
• 'Arendt on Prevention and Guarantees of Non-Recurrence'
  By Djordje Djordjević
  AV: Arendt on Prevention and Guarantees of Non-Recurrence
• 'Transnational Governmentality Networking: A Neo-Foucauldian Account of International Criminal Law'
  By Gregory S. Gordon
  AV: Transnational Governmentality Networking: A Neo-Foucauldian Account of International Criminal Law

Philosophical Foundations of International Criminal Law: Foundational Concepts
Edited by Morten Bergsmo and Emiliano J. Buis

• Table of Contents
• 'From Open Normativity to Normative Openness: Addressing the Elephant in the Room, That Is, the Fact of Justificatory Pluralism in International Criminal Justice'
  By Christoph Burchard
  AV: Normative Openness: Coming to Terms with Normative Pluralism and Fragmentation in International Criminal Justice
• 'The Prince and the People: Sovereignty in International Criminal Law’s Philosophical Foundations'
  By Christopher B. Mahony
  AV: Sovereignty in International Criminal Law’s Philosophical Foundations
• 'Towards ‘Global’ Criminal Justice?'
  By Milinda Banerjee
  AV: Towards Global Criminal Justice?
• 'The Concept of International Criminal Responsibility for Individuals and the Foundational Transformation of International Law'
  By CHAO Yi
  AV: The Concept of International Criminal Responsibility for Individuals and the Foundational Transformation of International Law
• 'International Criminal Responsibility as a Founding Principle of International Criminal Law'
  By Javier Dondé-Matute
  AV: International Criminal Responsibility as a Foundational Principle of International Criminal Law
• 'Justifying International Criminal Punishment: A Critical Perspective'
  By Barrie Sander
  AV: A Critical Account of Justificatory Theories of Punishment in the International Criminal Context
• 'Impunity: A Philosophical Analysis'
  By Max Pensky
  AV: Impunity: A Philosophical Analysis
• 'Truth, Testimony, and Epistemic Injustice in International Criminal Law'
  By Shannon E. Fyfe
  AV: Truth, Testimony and Epistemic Injustice in International Criminal Law

Philosophical Foundations of International Criminal Law: Legally-Protected Interests
Edited by Morten Bergsmo, Emiliano J. Buis and Song Tianying

• Table of Contents
• 'Preface by the Editors'
  By Morten Bergsmo, Emiliano J. Buis and SONG Tianying
• 'Protected Interests in International Criminal Law'
  By Morten Bergsmo, Emiliano J. Buis and SONG Tianying
• 'The Legal Interests Protected by War Crimes'
  By SONG Tianying
  AV: Legal Goods Protected by War Crimes
• 'The Legal Good of ‘Humanity’ Protected by Crimes Against Humanity'
  By Susan R. Lamb
  AV: The Legal Good of ‘Humanity’ Protected by Crimes Against Humanity
• 'Legal Goods in International Criminal Law'
  By Ioanna N. Anastasopoulou
  AV: Collective Rechtsgüter and International Criminal Law
• '‘Reconciliation’ as a Philosophical Foundational Concept in International Criminal Law'
  By David Baragwanath
  AV: ‘Reconciliation’ as a Philosophical Foundational Concept in International Criminal Law
• 'On ‘Unity’ as an Emerging Legal Interest in International Criminal Law'
  By Salim A. Nakhjavani and Melody Mirzaagha
  AV: On ‘Unity’ as an Emerging Legal Good in International Criminal Law
• 'Forging a Modern African Perspective on ‘Unity’ as a Collective Legal Interest in International Criminal Law'
  By Kafayat Motilewa Quadri, Vahyala Kwaga and Tosin Osasona
  AV: Communitarianism and ‘Unity’: Forging a Modern African Perspective on ‘Unity’ as a Collective Legal Good in International Criminal Law
• 'Humanity and Unity: Indian Thought and Legal Interests Protected by International Criminal Law'
  By Surabhi Sharma
  AV: ‘Humanity’ and ‘Unity’: Indian Thought and Collective Legal Goods Protected by International Criminal Law
• 'Unity and Disunity in International Criminal Justice'
  By Rod Rastan

Legal Construction of Common Humanity: Human Agency in a Cosmopolitan War Crimes Law
By Song Tianying

• Foreword by Nehal Bhuta
• Foreword by Claus Kreß
• Introduction: Why a Cosmopolitan War Crimes Law?
• The Universal, the Individual, the Rational: A Cosmopolitan Approach to War Crimes Law
• Social Foundations of War Crimes Law: Conceptions of a Cosmopolitan Community
• Cosmopolitan Values and Criminalization in the Context of War
• From Cosmopolitan Law to Social Psychology: The Individual as Source of Value and Evil
• Influence of the Military Institution on the Perpetrator
• Influence of Combat Environment on the Perpetrator
• A Cosmopolitan Criminal Law’s Response to Human Vulnerabilities in War
• Conclusion: Unique Paradoxes of a Cosmopolitan War Crimes Law

Norm Efficacy and Justification in International Criminal Law
By Gunnar M. Ekeløve-Slydal

• Preface
• Subordinates’ Responsibility in International Criminal Law in Light of Western Philosophies of Freedom and Responsibility
• Broader Normative Bases for Religious Leaders to Prevent Hate Speech
• Jeremy Bentham’s Legacy: A Vision of an International Law for the Greatest Happiness of All Nations
• Sir Thomas More and Integrity in Justice
• Past Wrongdoing Against Romani and Sámi in Norway and the Prism of Modern International Criminal Law and Human Rights
• ICTY Shifts Have Made Its Credibility Quake